Anionic Vs Cationic Polyacrylamide: Phapano ke Efe?

Polyacrylamide, e atisang ho khutsufatsoa e le PAM, ke metsi a bohlokoa-molulo o phahameng-molek'hule polymer e entsoeng ho tsoa ho acrylamide monomers. E sebetsa e le setsi sa mantlha sa liindasteri tse fapaneng, ho kenyeletsoa tlhoekiso ea metsi a litšila, ho ntšoa ha oli le khase, ho etsa pampiri le ho etsa masela.

Ho ipapisitsoe le lihlopha tse sebetsang tse qosoang haufi le ketane ea eona ea polymer, PAM e arotsoe ka lihlophaAnionic Polyacrylamide (APAM)leCationic Polyacrylamide (CPAM). Leha mefuta e 'meli e fana ka ts'ebetso e ntle haholo ha ho flocculation, sedimentation, le karohano e tiileng-ea mokelikeli, li fapana haholo ka sebopeho, mekhoa ea ts'ebetso, maemo a ts'ebeliso, le maemo a ts'ebetso.

Ho utloisisa liphapang tsena tsa bohlokoa ke habohlokoa bakeng sa ho khetha sehlopha se nepahetseng sa PAM ho ntlafatsa katleho ea phekolo, ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa ts'ebetso, le ho fumana liphello tse molemo ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea hau e khethehileng.

Anionic Polyacrylamide ke eng?

Litšobotsi tsa Limolek'hule

Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) e na le lihlopha tse qosoang hampe (lihlopha tsa carboxyl kapa carboxylate) haufi le ketane ea eona ea limolek'hule. Haholo-holo e sebetsa ka ho koala borokho ba adsorption le ho se nke lehlakore, ho kopanya likaroloana tse qosoang hantle kapa tse sa nke lehlakore ka har'a li-flocs tse kholoanyane bakeng sa sedimentation e sebetsang hantle le ho hlakisoa.

Likarolo tsa Bohlokoa

• Boima bo phahameng ba limolek'hule le viscosity e matla, e fanang ka ts'ebetso e ntle ea flocculation;

• Phatlalatso e ntle haholo le phello ea borokho holim'a lintho tse tiileng tse emisitsoeng, sediment le likaroloana tsa granular;

• Ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng ka ho se nke lehlakore ho maemo a metsi a alkaline;

• Sekhahla se itekanetseng sa ho qhibiliha le botsitso bo phahameng ba tharollo, ka ho senyeha ho fokolang ka mor'a ho itokisetsa;

• Tlhokahalo ea litekanyetso tse tlase le katleho e phahameng ea kalafo, e fokotsang haholo-litjeho tsa karohano ea mokelikeli;

• Ha e na{{0}chefo le tikoloho-e lumellanang le litekanyetso tsa ho lumellana le tikoloho bakeng sa ho hloekisa metsi a litšila a masepala le indasteri;

• Ho na le mefuta e mengata e fapaneng ea limaraka tsa boima ba limolek'hule tse fumanehang, tse etselitsoeng maemo a fapaneng a moferefere oa metsi le boholo ba likaroloana.

Libaka tse Tloaelehileng tsa Kopo

• Phekolo ea Metsi a Litšila ea Masepala le Liindasteri: E sebelisoa ka har'a litanka tsa sedimentation, ho teteana ha seretse, le karohano e tiileng-ea mokelikeli, haholo-holo bakeng sa ho phalla le ho hlakisa{1}metsi a litšila a phahameng;

• Meepo le Metallurgy: E thusa ho hlakisa seretse, ho khutlisa metsi a masala, le ho hloekisa mashala a litšila ho ntlafatsa litekanyetso tsa tšebeliso ea metsi hape;

• Ho Cheka Oli le Khase: E sebetsa joalo ka motsoako oa seretse ho ntlafatsa thepa ea rheological le ho fokotsa khohlano, ha e ntse e thusa oli-karohano ea metsi sebakeng sa oli ho hloekisa metsi a litšila;

• Indasteri ea Lehlabathe le Lisebelisoa tsa Moaho: E tšoara metsi a litšila a hlatsuoang lehlabathe le ho hlakisa metsi a litšila a hlahisoang ke lehlabathe ho fihlela phepelo ea metsi;

• Ho phunya Noka le Tokiso: E sebelisetsoa ho ntša metsi a litšila le ho hlakisa metsi ho tšehetsa merero ea phekolo ea 'mele oa metsi a ntšo le a monko;

• Indasteri ea Lipampiri: E sebetsa e le thuso ea ho boloka le ho ntša metsi ho ntlafatsa sekhahla sa ho boloka likhoele tse ntle le li-fillers, ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso e ntle ea ho sebelisa metsi a masoeu.

Anionic PAM e loketse haholo lits'ebetsong tsa metsi tse laoloang ke lintho tse tiileng tse emisitsoeng, tse qosoang hantle kapa tse sa nke lehlakore, joalo ka ho chesoa ha noka, metsi a litšila a merafo, le ho hlatsoa lehlabathe. Ka-e sebetsa hantle haholo, e tsitsitse, 'me e khona ho ikamahanya le maemo, ke khetho e ntle haholo- bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa indasteri ea ho hloekisa metsi.

Cationic Polyacrylamide ke eng?

Litšobotsi tsa Limolek'hule

Cationic Polyacrylamide (CPAM) e na le lihlopha tse qosoang hantle (joalo ka letsoai la quaternary ammonium) ka sebopeho sa eona sa limolek'hule. E thusa ka matla ho se nke lehlakore ha tefiso le karabelo ea adsorption ka lintho tsa tlhaho tse qosoang hampe, li-colloid kapa likaroloana tsa seretse. Ka ho kopanya, e kopanya ka potlako likaroloana tse nyane hore e be lihlopha tse teteaneng, tse kholo bakeng sa karohano e tiileng-ea metsi le ho ntša litšila.

Likarolo tsa Bohlokoa

• E fana ka ts'ebetso e tsotehang metsing a litšila a nang le lintho tse ngata tse phelang le li-colloid, haholo-holo tse lebisang lits'ilang tse nang le litšenyehelo tse mpe;
• E hlahisa li-compact flocs tse nang le ts'ebetso e phahameng ea ho ntša metsi, e ntlafatsa haholo lintho tse tiileng tsa li-sludge le ho fokotsa mongobo oa kuku;
• E fana ka botsitso bo botle maemong a asiti ho isa ho a sa jeleng paate, e nang le kutlo e nyane ho feto-fetoha ha pH;
• Tekanyo e feto-fetohang ea tefiso, e lumellang limaraka tse lokiselitsoeng ho tsamaisana le thepa e fapaneng ea seretse le metsoako ea metsi a litšila;
• Ho qhibiliha ha metsi hantle ka ho qhibiliha ka potlako, ho qoba mahlo a litlhapi kapa agglomeration nakong ea litokisetso;
• Tlhokahalo ea litekanyetso tse tlase lits'ebetsong tsa ho ntša metsi a litšila, ho fokotsa haholo litšenyehelo tsa lik'hemik'hale le litšenyehelo tse latelang tsa ho lahla;
• E lumellana le lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa ho tlosa metsi (liteishene tsa poleiti le foreimi, likhatiso tsa filthara ea lebanta, li-centrifuges) bakeng sa ts'ebetso e fapaneng.

Libaka tse Tloaelehileng tsa Kopo

• Ho ntša metsi a seretse: E sebetsa ka li-plate le li-frame filters, li-filter tsa lebanta, le li-centrifuges ho fokotsa haholo mongobo ka har'a litšila tsa 'masepala le tsa indasteri, ho fokotsa molumo oa litšila bakeng sa ho tsamaisa le ho lahla habonolo;
• Indasteri ea Lipampiri: E sebetsa e le moemeli oa matla a omileng le thuso ea ho boloka, ho ntlafatsa lebelo la ho boloka likhoele tse ntle le li-fillers ha li ntse li matlafatsa matla le ho thehoa ha pampiri;
• Phekolo ea Metsi a Hloekileng ka Lijo, Letlalo & Khatiso ea Textile: E tlosa ka katleho lintho tse silafatsang tsa lintho tse phelang le litšila tse emisitsoeng ho fihlela ho hlakisoa le ho tsoa ho latela melao;
• Litsi tsa Masepala tsa Phekolo ea Metsi a Litšila: E sebedisetsoa ho ntša metsi a litšila tsa likokoana-hloko tse tsoang likhoerekhoere tsa ka tlung, tse sebetsang e le ntho e ka sehloohong bakeng sa phokotso ea litšila tsa masepala;
• Indasteri ea Meriana le Lik'hemik'hale: E tšoara metsi a litšila a lik'hemik'hale ka lintho tse ngata tsa tlhaho ho finyella ho phalla ka potlako le ho arohana ha litšila tsa colloidal;
• Phekolo ea Metsi a Nooang: E sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tse itseng ho tlosa li-organic colloid tse nang le qoso e mpe le ho ntlafatsa ho hlaka ha metsi.

Cationic PAM e loketse haholo bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa metsi a litšila tse nang le meroalo e mengata ea lintho tse phelang le li-colloid tse ngata tse qosoang hampe, joalo ka likhoerekhoere tsa masepala, phepelo ea lijo, meriana le metsi a litšila a etsang pampiri. Ka matla a eona a ho fokotsa tefiso, -e sebetsa hantle haholo ho tlosa litšila, 'me e sebetsa ka mokhoa o pharaletseng, ke khetho ea mantlha bakeng sa ho hloekisa metsi a litšila le ho fokotsa litšila.

Lintlha tsa Tšebeliso: Lintlha Tsebahatsa Ts'ebetso & Qoba Likotsi Tsa Khetho

Hore na o sebelisa anionic kapa cationic polyacrylamide, mekhoa e nepahetseng ea ts'ebeliso le mohopolo oa khetho o ama ka kotloloho katleho ea kalafo le taolo ea litšenyehelo. Mona ke lintlha tsa bohlokoa:

• Melao-motheo ea Khetho ea Motheo: Bakeng sa lintho tse tiileng tse emisitsoeng ka tlhaho (mohlala, sediment, mehatla ea merafo) tsamaisong e sa nke lehlakore/alkaline, etelletsa pele PAM ea anionic, e shebane le boima ba molek'hule. Bakeng sa organic matter kapa sludge in acidic/neutral system, etelletsa pele PAM ea cationic, e shebane le tefiso ea tefiso. Ka mohlala, sebelisa-molecular{5}}anionic PAM e phahameng ea boima ba 'mele bakeng sa metsi a litšila a hlatsuoang mashala (likaroloana tsa inorganic, alkaline); sebelisa PAM ea mahareng-ho{7}ho ea{7}e phahameng haholo bakeng sa ho ntša metsi a litšila. Kamehla etsa liteko tsa linkho pele u reka ka bongata ho netefatsa boemo bo nepahetseng le litekanyetso.
• Ho lumellana ha Tikoloho: Anionic PAM ha ea lokela ho sebelisoa libakeng tse nang le asiti e matla, kaha liqoso tse mpe li tla fokotsoa, ​​​​ho baka ho fokotseha ha ketane ea limolek'hule le ho senyeha ho hoholo ha ts'ebetso. Cationic PAM e sebetsa ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng maemong a acidic le a sa nke lehlakore empa e ka 'na ea e-ba le hydrolyze libakeng tse nang le alkaline e matla, e fokotsang tefiso ea tefiso. Boloka pH ea sistimi lipakeng tsa 4-9. Haeba pH e fetoha haholo, fetola metsi esale pele kapa khetha limaraka tse fetotsoeng tse nang le mamello e phahameng ea pH.
• Taolo ea Tekanyo le Mahlohonolo: Mefuta ena ka bobeli e tlameha ho qhibiliha pele e sebelisoa, ka kakaretso ea 0.1%-0.3%. Qoba tlatsetso e tobileng ho thibela agglomeration, e amang ts'ebetso ea ho qhibiliha le ts'ebetso. Tekanyetso ea Anionic PAM hangata ke 1-10 ppm (1-10 grams ka tone ea metsi), ha cationic PAM e le 0.5-5 ppm. Fumana tekanyo e nepahetseng ka liteko tsa nkho ho latela boleng ba metsi; overdose e ka baka ho hasana ha floc le ho fokotsa ts'ebetso. Sebelisa metsi a hloekileng a sa jeleng paate bakeng sa ho qhibiliha, ka lebelo le susumetsang le laoloang ho 60-120 rpm ho qoba tšenyo e phahameng ea ho kuta liketane tsa limolek'hule.
• Litšenyehelo le Litšenyehelo-Katleho: Theko ea PAM ea anionic e khethoa haholo-holo ke boima ba molek'hule; limaraka tse phahameng tsa boima ba limolek'hule li bitsa chelete e nyane empa li na le litšenyehelo tse tlase ho feta cationic PAM. Cationic PAM e na le mokhoa o rarahaneng oa ho kopanya, 'me limaraka tsa tefiso e phahameng li bitsa 2-makhetlo a 3 ho feta a anionic. Ha e le hantle, fumana "tekanyetso e tlase e sebetsang" ka liteko ho qoba ho sebelisa limaraka tse theko e phahameng ho feta tekano, 'me u bale litšenyehelo tse felletseng ka tone e 'ngoe ea metsi a hloekisitsoeng ho ipapisitsoe le theko ea yuniti le kalafo e sebetsang hantle.
• Tsamaiso ea ho qhala le ho boloka: Litharollo tse lokisitsoeng tsa PAM li na le botsitso bo fokolang-sebelisa li le ncha moo ho khonehang. Litharollo tsa anionic li lokela ho sebelisoa nakong ea lihora tse 24, le tharollo ea cationic nakong ea lihora tse 12 ho thibela ho senyeha ha ketane ea limolek'hule. Boloka lihlahisoa tse tiileng sebakeng se pholileng, se omeletseng hole le mongobo, khanya ea letsatsi le mocheso o phahameng ho thibela ho baka le tahlehelo ea ts'ebetso. Arola limaraka tse fapaneng 'me u lefelle litšenyehelo nakong ea polokelo ho qoba tšoaetso-.
• Litaelo tsa Tšireletseho le Ts'ebetso: Leha PAM ka boyona e le tlase-tjhefu, ho hema lerole ho ka tshwenya tsela ya ho hema. Apara limaske tsa lerole le liatlana nakong ea ho li tšoara. Qoba ho shebana le letlalo le mahlo; hlatsoa hantle ka metsi ha ho kopana ho etsahala. Ha e sebelisoa ka li-flocculants tsa inorganic joalo ka PAC, eketsa PAC pele, ebe PAM sebakeng se arohaneng sa dosing ho thibela karabelo e tobileng lipakeng tsa lik'hemik'hale.

Kakaretso le Lethathamo la Papiso

Sephetho sa Sehlooho

Anionic le cationic polyacrylamides, e le litho tsa bohlokoa tsa lelapa la PAM, ha li bue ka "se molemo" empa "e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e na le matla a eona". Ka bobeli li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ts'ireletsong ea tikoloho le tlhahiso ea indasteri.

Ka kakaretso, PAM ea anionic e loketse mekhoa e laoloang ke likaroloana tse sa tloaelehang, ho boloka botsitso bo babatsehang tlas'a maemo a sa nke lehlakore kapa a alkaline. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, cationic PAM e sebetsa hantle ho phekola litsamaiso tse nang le lintho tse silafatsang tsa lintho tse phelang, tse fanang ka ts'ebetso e nepahetseng tlas'a maemo a acidic kapa a sa nke lehlakore. Le ha ea pele e shebane le "tlhaloso ea lintho tse tiileng tse emisitsoeng", ea morao-rao e etelletsa pele "ho tlosa metsi a litšila le ho tlosoa ha lintho tse phelang".

Bakeng sa basebelisi, ho khetholla ka nepo le ho khetha mofuta o nepahetseng oa PAM ha se feela ka katleho ea kalafo, empa hape ho ama ka kotloloho litšenyehelo tsa ts'ebetso le tlhahiso. Hore na o hloka boima bo phahameng ba molek'hule bakeng sa flocculation e matla, kapa tefiso e nepahetseng e lumellanang le litšobotsi tsa seretse, khetho ea saense le{1}}liteko tsa sebaka sa marang-rang kamehla ke senotlolo sa ho fumana sephetho se nepahetseng. Ke feela ka ho hlahlobisisa boleng ba metsi, lipakane tsa ho hloekisoa, le maemo a lisebelisoa moo u ka fumanang tharollo e sebetsang hantle le e theko{3}e sebetsang hantle lipakeng tsa anionic le cationic polyacrylamides.

Fumana tharollo e hlophisitsoeng ea polyacrylamide hona joale

Ha re sheba pele, ha melao ea tikoloho ea lefats'e e ntse e tiisa le litekanyetso tsa ho hloekisa metsi li phahama, R&D ea anionic le cationic PAM e tla tsoela pele ho fetoha ho isa katlehong e phahameng, litekanyetso tse tlase le litlhophiso tse tala. Joaloka morekisi oa litsebi oa polyacrylamide naheng ea China,Green Chemicale tsepamisitse maikutlo ho R&D le likopo tsa indasteri ka lilemo. Re tataisoa ke morero oa "Innovation-Driven, Green Manufacturing", re tsoela pele ho ntlafatsa theknoloji ea rona ho fana ka litharollo tse ikhethileng bakeng sa maemo a fapaneng, re sebetsa le bareki ho tsamaisa nts'etsopele ea moshoelella indastering ea lefats'e ea tlhoekiso ea metsi.

Ka tlhahiso ea selemo le selemo ea tlhahiso ea polyacrylamide ea lithane tse 100,000, re itokiselitse ka botlalo ho phethahatsa{2}liodara tse ngata ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng, ho fihlela litlhoko tse ngata tsa thepa ho pholletsa le 'masepala, merafo, oli le khase, ho etsa pampiri le mafapha a mang. Khamphani ea rona e boetse e fumane litifikeiti tsa ISO 9001, ISO 14001, le ISO 45001, e sebelisa taolo e tiileng ea boleng ho tloha ho thepa e tala le tlhahiso ho fihlela tlhahlobo ea ho qetela. Sena se tiisa hore sehlopha se seng le se seng se kopana le maemo a machaba, se fana ka tiisetso ea boleng bo tšepahalang bakeng sa merero ea hau.

Ho sa tsotellehe hore na o hloka liodara tse ngata tsa-grade PAM kapa ntlafatso ea OEM/ODM e ikhethileng bakeng sa boleng bo itseng ba metsi kapa litšobotsi tsa seretse, sehlopha sa rona sa botekgeniki se fana ka thuso-ho{2}}ho felisa: ho tloha litekong tsa pele tsa linkho le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ho isa ho{3}}tataiso ea botekgeniki ea sebaka, ho etsa litharollo tse leka-lekaneng tšebetso ea kalafo le ho sebetsa hantle ha litšenyehelo.

Ikopanye le sehlopha sa ronakajeno ho kopa lethathamo la lihlahisoa tsa morao-rao, lisampole tse ikhethileng le mantsoe a qotsitsoeng. Ha re etseng tšebetso ea hau ea ho hloekisa metsi ho sebetsa hantle le ho feta le ho bitsa chelete e ngata-, ho u boloka u le ka pele 'marakeng!